Is spinach easy to grow?
10.06.2025 00:30
Botanical Name : Spinacia oleracea
Fat - 0.7 g
Aphid - This is a small insect which lives in a group and damages the plant. This insect causes damage by sucking the juice of the leaves and other soft parts of the plant.
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Pest Control -
(2) Early Smooth Leaf - It is an early variety. The leaves are thin, smooth and pointed, which are of yellowish green colour. About 30 days after sowing, the leaves are ready for harvesting. The seeds of this variety are round.
Damping off - This is a disease caused by fungus. Due to this disease, the plants wither and fall. Hence, the yield is adversely affected.
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Soil - Loamy fertile soil with proper drainage is considered the best for its successful production.
History and Origin – The birthplace of foreign spinach is considered to be South-West Asia. People of Mars caste took it to Spain and from there foreign spinach reached other countries of the world.
The varieties of foreign spinach are divided into two parts -
Sowing time - In the plains, it is sown in November-December and in the mountainous areas above sea level, it is sown in March.
Varieties -
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Method of Sowing - Spinach is sown in two ways, viz., sprinkling and in rows. However, to get a higher yield of spinach, it should always be sown in rows. The distance between rows and plants should be 22-25 cm and 20 cm respectively. Do not sow the seeds more than 3-4 cm deep. Immediately after sowing, operate a machine called 'hand roller'. By doing this, germination takes place properly.
To control this disease, a medicine called 'Phytolan' should be sprayed.
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Riboflavin - 0.07 mg
Utility – Vegetables are made from the leaves of foreign spinach. Pakodas are also made from its leaves.
After harvesting, it should be given as top dressing. Irrigation should be done on the second day of applying fertilizer so that the nutrients can be easily taken by the roots of the plants and the crop gets ready for harvesting soon.
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(1) Virginia Savoy - Its plants are straight, healthy and green in colour. Its leaves are thick, broad and rounded from the front. Its seeds are prickly seeded. It is a suitable variety for hilly areas. It gives 100-125 quintals of yield per hectare,
Protein - 2.0 g
To control this insect, an insecticide called 'Nicotine Sulphate' should be sprayed at the time of infestation.
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To prevent this disease, the seeds should be treated with Thiram or Aprosin GN and then sown.
Desi varieties- Banerjee Giant, Banarasi (Katvi Palak), Khara Lucknow and Khara Palak are the main ones.
4. Male and female flowers on the same plant
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Spinach is divided into 4 parts on the basis of sex -
Climate - Spinach is a cold season crop and has the special ability to bear frost. It is cultivated as a winter crop. In more humid conditions, its leaves become more juicy and soft.
For proper germination of seeds, it is absolutely necessary to have sufficient moisture in the soil. Therefore, irrigation is recommended for this. The second irrigation should be done after sowing. Generally, in summers, irrigation should be done at an interval of 4-5 days, whereas in winters, irrigation should be done at an interval of 8-10 days.
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Nitrogen - 80-100 kg
Land Preparation- First plough the field with a soil turning plough. After that plough the field twice with a cultivator or harrow. After every ploughing, apply a leveller.
Weed Control - Weeding should be done as per need to control the weeds growing with the spinach.
Nutritive Value - Calcium, protein and vitamin A are found in abundance in spinach. Its food value is given in the table-
1. Savor leaved types
Harvesting – The leaves should be harvested when the leaves become 15-30 cm long. The leaves should be harvested when they are soft and juicy. In this way, 5-6 cuttings can be taken.
2. Smooth leaved types.
Family : Chenopodiaceae
Calories - 26.00
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It is absolutely necessary to treat them with fungicide. Thiram or Aprosin G. Seed treatment - To protect the crop from fungal diseases, the seeds should be treated with 3 grams of medicine per kg before sowing.
Phosphorus - 60 kg
Oxalic Acid - 658.00 mg
Propagation - Propagation of foreign spinach is done through seeds.
Sodium - 58.50 mg
Potassium - 206.00 mg
Sulfur - 30.00 mg
Copper - 0.01 mg
Spinach
Irrigation -
Moisture - 92.1 g (per 100 gms of food)
3. Female flowers
Minerals - 1.7 g
Calcium - 73.00 mg
Magnesium - 84.0 mg,
Farmer manure should be added to the field before the first ploughing. A mixture of all phosphorus, all potash and one-fourth quantity of nitrogen should be made and added to the soil at the time of final ploughing. The remaining quantity of nitrox should be added at the rate of 20-25 kg per hectare.
Farmer manure - 25-30 tons
Manure and Fertilizers- To get a higher yield of foreign spinach, it is absolutely necessary to use manure and fertilizers in the soil in the right quantity and at the right time. Apply manure and fertilizers per hectare in this manner-
Foreign spinach has a special place among leafy vegetables. It is cultivated especially in America, Canada and Europe. It has not become very popular in India. The shape of its leaves is completely different from the Indian spinach. It is a very popular vegetable crop abroad.
Crop Protection -
Vitamin C - 23.00 mg
Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi recommends the following two varieties of foreign spinach -
Fiber - 0.6 g
Iron -10.09 mg
Phosphorus - 21.00 mg
Disease Control -
Other Carbohydrates - 2.9 g
Potash - 60 kg
Chlorine - 54.00 mg
Seed rate - 35-40 kg of seeds per hectare is sufficient.
2. Vegetative males
Cercospora Leaf Spot – This is also a fungal disease, which causes round spots on the leaves. Due to which the food production process of the leaves is adversely affected.
The dense plants should be uprooted and thinned so that the plants can develop and grow well and more yield can be obtained.
1. Extreme males